Vitamin A toxicity, also known as hypervitaminosis A, can occur by not only taking excess supplements but can also occur by eating excess vitamin-A-rich foods. The side effects can be as mild as nausea and can get as severe as increased intracranial pressure, coma and even death. Hypervitaminosis A can occur by having mg of vitamin A even once. Excess consumption more than 50, International Units daily of vitamin D supplements can result in serious side effects such as loss of appetite, sudden weight loss, irregular heartbeat and even organ damage.
Consumption of vitamin E supplements during pregnancy has been associated with abdominal pain and premature rupture of the amniotic sac.
High doses of vitamin E supplements can prevent the clotting of blood, thus resulting in hemorrhage. Vitamin B comprises of vitamin B1 thiamine , vitamin B2 riboflavin , vitamin B3 niacin , vitamin B5 pantothenic acid , vitamin B6 pyridoxine , vitamin B9 folate , vitamin B7 biotin and vitamin B12 cobalamin. Consumption of 1 to 3 grams of nicotinic acid a form of niacin per day can result in high blood pressure, abdominal pain, disturbed vision and even liver damage.
Prolonged consumption of around 1 to 6 grams of vitamin B6 every day can cause nausea, heartburn, sensitivity to light and skin lesions. Excess consumption of folate or folic acid in the form of a supplement can affect mental function and the immune system. Vitamin C is usually safe but excess of it can cause gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhoea, abdominal cramps, nausea and vomiting.
The following water-soluble vitamins have set ULs, as they can cause adverse side effects when taken in high doses:. Note that these are side effects that healthy people may experience when taking large doses of these vitamins. Individuals with health conditions can experience even more serious reactions to taking too much of a vitamin.
For example, though vitamin C is unlikely to cause toxicity in healthy people, it can lead to tissue damage and fatal heart abnormalities in those with hemochromatosis , an iron storage disorder Aside from vitamin K, which has a low potential for toxicity, the remaining three fat-soluble vitamins have a set UL due to their potential to cause harm at high doses.
Although vitamin K has a low potential for toxicity, it can interact with certain medications, such as warfarin and antibiotics 6. Both water- and fat-soluble vitamins can cause side effects when taken in high doses, with some causing more severe symptoms than others.
For example, hypervitaminosis A can be caused by taking one large dose of over mg of vitamin A, or chronic use of more than 10 times the recommended daily intake Vitamin A toxicity may lead to serious complications, such as increased spinal fluid pressure, coma, and potentially fatal organ damage Additionally, taking megadoses of vitamin D — more than 50, IU daily — over long periods can lead to high blood levels of calcium hypercalcemia , which can lead to death Overdosing on other vitamins can likewise cause potentially fatal side effects, such as liver damage.
A case report found that taking very high doses of over 5 grams of extended-release niacin can lead to metabolic acidosis, a buildup of acid in body fluids, as well as acute liver failure — both of which can be fatal Keep in mind that these potentially deadly side effects are associated with taking exceptionally high doses of vitamins. Even so, caution should always be taken when consuming any dietary supplement. The best way to get the nutrients you need is by consuming a well-rounded diet.
However, many people need to supplement with vitamins for a variety of reasons. Age, genetic disorders, medical conditions, and diet are all factors that can increase the need for certain nutrients. The following chart outlines both the recommended daily intake RDI and tolerable upper intake levels UL for fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 22 :.
Keep in mind that in certain circumstances, your healthcare provider may recommend that you take more than the UL for certain nutrients to correct a deficiency. For example, vitamin D deficiencies are often treated with high-dose vitamin D injections or supplements that deliver over 50, IU of vitamin D, which is much more than the UL Though most supplement bottles provide recommendations regarding how much of a vitamin to take per day, needs can vary from person to person.
Some vitamins have set ULs to prevent potential toxicity. Overdosing on certain vitamins can lead to serious complications and, in rare circumstances, even death. Multivitamins are the world's most popular dietary supplements. You may actually be deficient in something else completely.
Schedule an appointment with your primary care doctor to assess your overall health and if you may be lacking in certain vitamins. Your doctor may recommend certain over-the-counter supplements or suggest simple diet adjustments that can help get you back on track. To find a Banner Health specialist near you, contact bannerhealth. By Regan Olsson , Contributing Writer. Jan 07, Advise Me. Watch out for these fat-soluble vitamins: A, E and K Here are details about vitamins A, E and K and the symptoms of overdose to look out for.
What about vitamin D? Pharmacy Nutrition Wellness. November 16, November 09, November 04,
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